Wireless Home Networking Security Concepts and Definitions

 

  The concepts and definitions presented here are important to know for anyone who uses a wireless network, regardless of the router or other wireless device they use. The majority of all wireless devices support these security methods and it is highly suggested that you look into each one. For information on how to implement any of these security methods, be sure to consult the user's guide that is included with your wireless device. If you have a Draytek wireless router from Huxley Communications, you can set these methods up according to the "Wireless LAN setup" portion of Basic Setup.

  • Change your default Administrator Username and Password - Your wireless device can be logged into from any computer on your home network, if one has the correct username and password. You can do this so that you can setup your device settings, be they security settings, connection settings, etc. The manufacturer sets up the device with a generic username and password so that you can access it easily for the first time; they are normally simple and well-known to hackers on the Internet. Make sure that you change the administrative username and password first thing so that only you (and people you trust) know how to log into your wireless device. To maintain security in the future, you might consider continuing to change the administrative password regularly, perhaps every 30-90 days. The "Changing Administrator Password" section of the Draytek wireless router user guide contains setup information.
  • Changing the Default SSID and Disabling SSID Broadcast - Wireless devices all use a name for their network called an SSID. Manufacturers of wireless devices generally ship all of their products with the same SSID; for example, the default SSID for a Linksys wireless router is usually "linksys." To improve the security of your network, be sure to change the SSID to a name other than the default. Be sure to change it to something that only you would know, and not your name, address, birthdate, or other such information.
      Another important fact to know is that your wireless device is, by default, set to broadcast its SSID at regular intervals. This is useful for business, schools, and other places where multiple wireless users may come and go at leisure. When used at home, this feature is not necessary and reduces security, because it allows anyone driving nearby to pick up on your SSID name. If you turn this feature off, you increase your security greatly, making it more likely that would-be hackers will bypass your network for easier targets elsewhere. The "General Settings " portion of the "Wireless LAN setup" section of the Draytek wireless router user guide contains how to change the SSID and how to hide its broadcast.
  • Enable MAC Address Filtering - Every piece of networking equipment, be it a Network Card, Modem, Router, etc, has what is called a MAC address; it is like a fingerprint that identifies each piece of equipment as unique. You can set your wireless device to only allow devices with only the MAC addresses that you specify, helping to stop unknown computers from accessing your network. You will need to know the MAC address of each device you are connecting to your wireless router in order to setup your filtering. If you have questions on how to find the MAC address of your computer, please click here. When following the steps provided by the router manufacturer, you will setup a list of allowable MAC addresses in the router; when a device tries to connect to your router, it will have its MAC compared to the list and if it does not match up, it will not be allowed to access the network. The "Access Control" portion of the "Wireless LAN setup" section of the Draytek wireless router user guide contains how to add MAC addresses to the control list and enable this function.
  • Make sure that your wireless device is positioned safely - You generally want your wireless signal to reach the exterior of your home and no further, a small amount will escape through windows, etc, and is generally not a problem. The further the signal reaches, however, the easier it is for intruders to detect and abuse it. Often, wireless signals can reach across streets and through neighboring homes. Try to position your wireless device near the center of your home, rather than near windows or doors, to best prevent leakage.
  • Enable Wireless Encryption - All pieces of Wireless equipment support some kind of encryption. Enabling Encryption scrambles and encodes messages sent back and forth between a computer on your network and the wireless device. The "WEP Settings" portion of the "Wireless LAN setup" section of the Draytek wireless router user guide contains how to enable encryption on your wireless connection.

  These are simply a sample of the wireless security options available to you with your wireless network. The above security methods presented here are the most common and easily set up methods you can take to adequately secure your wireless network, but by no means are they every step one can take. For more ideas and tips on wireless networking security, simply search for "wireless home network security" in any web search engine and you will find many informative and worthwhile sites to help you learn more about this important topic.